Japanski jezik

The jōyō [ ō is read as a long o ] (常用漢字) or " regular-use Chinese characters " kanji are established by the Japanese Ministry of Education in 1981. Current jōyō kanji are those on a list of 2,136 characters issued in 2010 (It's constantly modifying, as expected. The list was last time revised on 30 November to include an additional 196 characters and remove 5 characters for a total of 2,136.) These characters are regularly used and you are going to need these in order to read a daily Japanese newspaper. Foreign learners of Japanese also often focus their kanji studies on the jōyō kanji list. The 2,136 kanji in the jōyō kanji consist of: 1,006 kanji taught in primary school (the kyōiku kanji ) 1,130 additional kanji taught in secondary school But, there is more. The Jinmeiyō kanji (人名用漢字, "kanji for use in personal names") consist of the Jōyō kanji plus an additional 983 kanji found in people's names . Then, Hyōgaiji ( 表外字 ? , "unlis...

One of the most important parts of talking to people in Japanese is the honorific system, or what you put at the end of somebody’s name. Honorifics situate people within the Japanese social hierarchy, by showing respect, affection, and humility. Think of Japanese honorifics like calling somebod y as Mr., Madam, or Doctor in English; each has a different level of respect and can be gender-specific. -sama様【さま】 This is the highest honorific you can possibly use and, because of that, you probably won’t be using it much at all. It’s a level of formality that seems a bit absurd, disrespectful, or sarcastic in everyday conversation. -sensei先生【せんせい】 This is another respectful honorific. You’ll mostly hear it used when referring to teachers, but it can be used for talking about other people who are experts in their fields. Doctors, lawyers, and politicians can all be called sensei. -senpai 先輩【せんぱい】 Senpai is an honorific used when talking about more senior or experienced...

Modern Japanese is written in a combination of Kanji, Hiragana and Katakana. The kanas (hiragana and katakana) are relatively easy to learn. Those wishing to study Japanese are well advised to begin by learning to read the kanas. HIRAGANA: Hiragana is used: - to write Japanese words which do not have a kanji, - as a guide to denote sounds of unusual or difficult kanji, - for grammatical particles - for verb and adjective inflictions e.g. 見る (miru, "see") 見た (mita, "saw"). Note that the kanji is the same but the hiragana indicates verb tense. - in furigana which is small hiragana written about kanji characters to indicate sounds (often seen in Japanese language textbooks and childrens story books) Hiragana is smoothly written with flowing curves.  KATAKANA The katakana sounds are the SAME as the hiragana sounds, however they are written differently. Some kana are quite similar looking (e.g. "ka" Hiragana か　Katakana カ) and I therefore learned k...

Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday J orthography 日曜日 月曜日 火曜日 水曜日 木曜日 金曜日 土曜日 Hiragana にち ようび げつ ようび か ようび すい ようび もく ようび きん ようび ど ようび Romanisation nichiyōbi getsuyōbi kayōbi suiyōbi mokuyōbi kin'yōbi doyōbi Meaning 'Sun day' 'Moon day' 'Fire day' 'Water day' 'Wood day' 'Gold day' 'Earth day'

1. 自然 しぜん shizen Nature 2. 宇宙 うちゅう uchuu Space/Universe/Cosmos 3. 空 そら sora Sky/Heaven 4. 空気 くうき kuuki Air 5. お日様 おひさま ohisama Sun 6. 太陽 たいよう taiyou Sun 7. 月 つき tsuki Moon 8. 星 ほし hoshi Star 9. 雲 くも kumo Cloud 10. 風 かぜ kaze Wind 11. 雨 あめ ame Rain 12. 雷 かみなり kaminari Thunder 13. 雪 ゆき yuki Snow 14. 石 いし ishi Stone 15. 岩 いわ iwa Rock/Crag 16. 砂 すな suna Sand 17. 土 つち tsuchi Earth/Soil 18. 山 やま yama Mountain 19. 火山 かざん kazan Volcano 20. 丘 おか oka Hill/Knoll 21. 谷 たに tani Valley 22. 崖 がけ gake Cliff 23. 洞窟 どうくつ doukutsu Cave 24. 島 しま shima Island 25. 水 みず mizu Water 26. 海 うみ umi Sea 27. 川/河 かわ kawa River/Stream 28. 波 なみ nami Wave 29. 湖 みずうみ mizuumi Lake 30. 池 いけ ike Pond 31. 井/井戸 い/いど i/ido Water Well 32. 温泉 おんせん onsen Hot Spring 33. 滝 たき taki Waterfall 34. 泉 いずみ izumi Fountain/Spring 35. 地震 じしん jishin Earthquake 36. 津波 つなみ tsunami Tsunami/Tidal Wave 37. 木 き ki Tree/Wood 38. 林 はやし hayashi Wood/Grove 39. 森 もり mori Forest (Bigger than hayashi) 40. 枝 えだ eda...

会う (au) to meet 青 (ao) blue 青い (aoi) blue 赤 (aka) red 赤い (akai) red 明い (akarui) bright 秋 (aki) autumn 開く (aku) to open, to become open 開ける (akeru) to open 上げる (ageru) to give 朝 (asa) morning 朝御飯 (asagohan) breakfast あさって (asatte) day after tomorrow 足 (ashi) foot, leg 明日 (ashita) tomorrow あそこ (asoko) over there 遊ぶ (asobu) to play, to make a visit 暖かい (atatakai) warm

職業 shokugyou Occupation 医者 isha Doctor 看護婦 kangofu Female Nurse 看護師 kangoshi Nurse 歯科医 shikai Dentist 科学者 kagakusha Scientist 美容師 biyoushi Hairdresser/Beauty Artist 教師 kyoushi Teacher 歌手 kashu Singer 運転手 untenshu Driver/Chauffeur 画家 gaka Painter/Artist 芸術家 geijutsuka Artist 写真家 shashinka Photographer 作家 sakka Author/Writer 演説家 enzetsuka Speaker/Orator 演奏家 ensouka Performing Musician 演出家 enshutsukan Producer/Director 建築家 kenchikuka Architect 政治家 seijika Politician 警官 keikan Policeman shefu Chef 裁判官 saibankan Judge 弁護士 bengoshi Lawyer/Attorney 会計士 kaikeishi Accountant 消防士 shouboushi Firefighter/Fireman 兵士 heishi Soldier 銀行員 ginkouin Bank Employee 公務員 koumuin Civil Servant/Government Worker 駅員 ekiin Station Worker/...